Continuous walking and time- and intensity-matched interval walking: Cardiometabolic demand and post-exercise enjoyment in insufficiently active,healthy adults

ABSTRACT

We compared cardiometabolic demand and post-exercise enjoyment between continuous walking (CW) and time- and intensity-matched interval walking (IW) in insufficiently active adults. Sixteen individuals (13 females and three males, age 25.3 ± 11.1 years) completed one CW and one IW session lasting 30 min in a randomised-counterbalanced design. For CW, participants walked at a mean intensity of 65–70% predicted maximum heart rate (HR_max). For IW, participants alternated between 3 min at 80% HR_max and 2 min at 50% HR_max. Expired gas was measured throughout each protocol. Participants rated post-exercise enjoyment following each protocol. Mean HR and V˙O₂ showed small positive differences in IW vs. CW (2, 95%CL 0, 4 beat.min^?1; d = 0.23, 95%CL 0.06, 0.41 and 1.4, 95%CL 1.2 ml.kg^?1.min^?1, d = 0.36, 95%CL 0.05, 0.65, respectively). There was a medium positive difference in overall kcal expenditure in IW vs. CW (25, 95%CL 7 kcal, d = 0.58, 95%CL 0.33, 0.82). Post-exercise enjoyment was moderately greater following IW vs. CW (9.1, 95%CL 1.4, 16.8 AU, d = 0.62, 95%CL 0.06, 0.90), with 75% of participants reporting IW as more enjoyable. Interval walking elicits meaningfully greater energy expenditure and is more enjoyable than CW in insufficiently active, healthy adults.     

Where do you come from,where do you go? Assessing skills gaps and labour market outcomes for young adults with different immigration backgrounds

Using PISA and PIAAC data from twelve OECD countries, we examine the gap in cognitive skills among immigrants and natives and evaluate how those differences have evolved over time. We also consider how demographics, family background and school quality explain the development of cognitive skills of young people with immigrant backgrounds. The results show, first, that some convergence in skills occurs between second-generation immigrants and natives over time. Second, demographics, family background and school quality variables all contribute to the achievement gaps across different groups.     

'She just got me’: supporting care experienced young people negotiating relationships and identities at school

In this article we examine the complex relationship between care experience, mental health and exclusion from school and how young people (YP) negotiate these different experiences and identities. The study is a secondary analysis, informed by symbolic interactionist theory, of interviews conducted with 19 care experienced YP in Scotland. Not all of the YP were excluded and not all had a formal mental health diagnosis, as such our study design allows interrogation of the contexts and relationships which not only facilitate but also disrupt pathways to exclusion. It also allows reconsideration of assumptions of vulnerability which are often applied to care experienced YP. Our findings suggest that these YP are moving beyond ‘role playing’ the identities ascribed to them and actively seek out relationships which enable them to construct alternative identities.     

大学生思政课自主学习面临的“微”干扰及应对研究

微时代大学生思政课自主学习享有网络信息带来的便捷,同时也面临网络裹挟的一些干扰。克服这些干扰还存在一些主要障碍,需要在提高学生意识形态的鉴别力、增强自主学习环境的塑造力、提高教师自身网络教育的驾驭力和提升网络学习的保障力等方面下功夫。     

“健康中国2030”战略下健康数据协同治理体系研究

[目的/意义] 提升公民健康水平是经济社会发展到一定程度后的必然要求，健康数据协同治理体系的构建有助于从信息科学角度达成这一要求，治理体系需要以国家战略为宏观指导，全方位服务于公民健康水平提升的总体目标。[方法/过程] 通过对《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》文本精神的领会，在分析了各治理主体对健康信息治理需求的基础上，提出一种面向"健康中国2030"战略的健康数据协同治理体系，并针对关键环节提出保障措施。[结果/结论] 协调各层级、各部门与各利益主体的健康数据治理体系构建与保障，有助于在推动国家健康战略目标的同时实现健康数据的社会价值，拓展健康信息学的研究范畴。     

日韩武技现代化对我国学校武术的启示

时至今日,武术仍未能很好地进入校园,其原因何在,如何从柔道、跆拳道、空手道的成功现代化和国际化当中寻求启发,成为紧迫论题。主要运用文献资料法,基于对学校武术历史、现状的反思和日韩武技现代化的启示,对我国学校武术的根本问题和根本方略做出探讨。研究认为,学校武术开展的现状不能实现中华民族赋予它的文化使命,日韩武技现代化的经验可为我们提供启示——将传统意义上的搏杀武技改造为一项现代文明搏击项目,该项目需满足几个趋势保证安全文明化、保持技击本质性、具有游戏趣味性、彰显民族独特性。在此基础上,做出武术以太极推手形式进入校园的提案。     

命运共同体的构建:中西方体育文化从区隔到融合

在国际化趋势的带动下,人类命运共同体的构建延伸渗透到了各个领域中。体育文化作为中西方存在明显差异的一个部分,如何在新的时代背景下打破原有区隔,树立新的定位和方向,并进一步实现融合是当前发展的关键。为此,文章采用文献资料法等,将围绕命运共同体的构建对中西方体育文化从区隔到融合展开探讨。     

侗族传统体育项目哆毽的传承与融变

侗族拥有丰富绚丽的民族文化,民族体育活动方面,有"民族体育之乡"的称号,完整保留了许多传统体育项目,一些项目被纳为国家少数民族传统体育比赛项目中。哆毽是侗族特色体育项目之一,通过调查发现哆毽项目开展情况不佳,哆毽文化被忽视,其影响因素是传统体育价值观迷失、侗族文化根基被忽视。提出了有关哆毽融变发展的建议,成立"哆毽节"、开办侗族传统体育训练基地、规范哆毽教学内容、哆毽技术动作编程健身操等措施。     

中国足球超级联赛U23新政何以有效?——基于“足协-俱乐部”的博弈

中超联赛自2017赛季推出U23新政以来备受争议。在"上有政策下有对策"的非合作博弈下，U23新政如何才能实现政策初衷?该文首次采用不完全信息静态博弈模型分析了U23新政下足协与俱乐部的博弈均衡。研究表明：（1）足协推行新政的最优概率为俱乐部采取积极策略给足协带来的净收益与消极策略带来的净收益之比，实质上取决于俱乐部的遵从度。（2）在缺乏讨价还价权时，俱乐部对新政采取消极应对策略是为了减少净损失。俱乐部积极应对的最优概率为消极应对的净损失占其与积极应对的加成即期收益损失之和的比值，实为两害相权取其轻。为激励俱乐部采取积极策略，应降低俱乐部消极应对策略的净收益或积极应对策略的加成即期收益。（3）提高U23新政有效性的治标之策是减少U23政策对中下游球队的冲击，实行有差别的U23政策；对U23球员上场时间低于均值的俱乐部，实行等额或超额递减分成机制。治本之策是培育一个可预期、可持续、可盈利的足球市场，俱乐部能够内生出建立百年基业的长效机制；继续深化足协的去行政化改革，使之向完全社团法人转型。